ATR World Information | Facts | Figures New shareholders in Latin America SAFE in Mexico and the Argentinian company DER are joining ATR, reinforcing its commitment to distribute high-quality automotive parts. 04 06 42 INDUSTRY Adapt and overcome: Which demands and transitions will the automotive industry have to navigate in 2025 and beyond? DIGITISATION Connected Mobility: CARUSO has expanded its platform to cover over 85% of connected cars in Europe. TRENDS Recharging momentum: EV adop- tion is challenged by con sumer concerns and infrastruc ture gaps. Can it regain speed? 5 2 0 2 L I R P A – 1 E U S S I 

APRIL 2025 07 CONTENT 03 39 43 SUPPLIERS bilstein group: A Universe of Solutions, One Click Away 19 06 28 INDUSTRY 04 State of the industry 2025: strengths, challenges, outlook and innovations DIGITISATION 06 Connected Car Data – From pilot to production phase 07 The ATR Digital Conference and Symposium heads to Barcelona! INSIDE ATR 08 First ATR CV Supplier Forum 2025 – A great success! 09 Strengthening partnerships at Automechanika Shanghai 10 10 ATR SERVICE GmbH proves itself in service quality Successful ATR international concept meeting in Zagreb 11 Martaş Automotive celebrated its 45th anniversary 11 11 Martaş Automotive organised the 3rd Leaders Summit in Eskişehir Martaş Automotive Heavy Vehicles Business Unit held a Strategic Meeting with Schaeffler and its customers in Cyprus 12 DER: A legacy of excellence in Argentina’s automotive aftermarket 13 SAFE: Your smart purchase 14 14 15 16 18 KGK: KG Knutsson AB strengthens its position in Electric Vehicle Charging – acquires Eways AB’s operations KAHA: Autokorjaamo 2025, the Automotive Aftermarket Fair, in Helsinki KGK/Autoexperten partners with Alltrucks Truck & Trailer Service LKQ: Protecting the future of the Independent Aftermarket hsy: EVOLVE Auto Festival grows bigger and better for 2025 20 Bosal: Delivering excellence, driving reliability 21 Bosch: Brake fluid suitable for safe handling by all workshop mechanics 22 Brembo: Low emissions and reduced total cost of ownership for light commercial vehicles 23 Continental: ATE Service Ecosystem for the Workshop 24 Continental: Keep things running smoothly: new timing belt kit for Ford engines 25 DRiV: Technical drawings, fitting instructions and other free resources now available via QR codes 26 Elring: Engine developments and sealing expertise for North America: GM Duramax and Ford Power Stroke engines 27 Exide Batteries and Sustainability: A Partnership for a Greener Future 28 FORVIA HELLA launches the company’s first Rear Wing Lighting on the market 29 GKN Automotive Aftermarket 30 Inside KYB’s global research, development and manufacturing processes 31 Lesjöfors electrify the EV spring market 32 MAHLE: Engine parts with added value 33 MANN-FILTER: Mold, pollen, and particulate matter in car cabin air 34 Magneti Marelli Parts & Services: a complete range of Original Equipment lighting spare parts 35 Nissens: Easy installation, excellent performance and long lifespan 36 Niterra: Track-tested for real roads: NGK & NTK 37 NRF: A wide Aftermarket range of condensers 38 Now on sale: the new OSRAM NIGHT BREAKER® LED SPEED H7 39 Schaeffler‘s AI system makes them faster and more efficient 40 Valeo O.E. Wipers: Quality without compromise 41 ZF [pro]Diagnostics starts building a new digital service ecosystem for the Aftermarket TRENDS 42 EV growing pains: Can the industry overcome its challenges? IMPRINT 

APRIL 2025 INDUSTRY 05 that most vehicle repairs are handled by independent workshops, demonstrating the strength of the aftermarket and its importance in keeping Europe’s fleet moving. As OEMs have reduced their dealer- ships, down to 54,000 from 71,000 in 2010, independent service outlets have increased by 3.7% to 250,000. When the ageing car parc of 280 million vehicles – averaging 12 years old – is also taken into account, it means that the independent aftermarket will play a critical role in the coming decades. 10, 11 For the aftermarket, con- strained purchases of new BEVs signal a slower transition than anticipated. This will allow for more time to upskill and diversify services in preparation for the future, adapting in a more sus- tainable way that does not require high levels of short-term investment. Reshoring In response to growing competition from Chinese manufacturers, geopolitical uncertainty and the supply chain disrup- tions of the previous five years, European automakers are accelerating efforts to bring production back to the region. The European Union’s recent introduction of high tariffs on Chinese-made BEVs aims to level the playing field, but some manufac- turers are taking further steps by reshor- ing key aspects of their supply chains. Renault and Stellantis have been vocal about this change. They have invested in KEY FACTS In total, there are 255 automotive plants across the European continent, responsible for assem- bling everything from vehicles and batteries to engines, which is supported by a vast retail network and, of course, the aftermarket – comprising around 845,000 different businesses of all types; making the automotive industry one of Europe’s major employers, with around 13.8 million people employed. bringing much of their supply chain back to France and hope to produce up to 700,000 BEVs a year by 2028. Progress so far has been significant – for example, the battery, motor, and assembly of the new Renault 5 E-Tech is all done in France.12 The approach appears to have succeeded, with the car’s relatively low price point of €25,000 attracting signifi- cant attention.13 The future will show whether this really proves to be the case. Demands and opportunities For now, the industry must navigate the tension between regulatory demands and market realities. Against this back- drop, the aftermarket is in an excellent position – adoption delays mean more time to invest in upskilling, while an age- ing car park and increased reliance on independent servicing present a growing commercial opportunity. The new Renault 5 E-Tech is all done in France most part, their adaptation seems to have been successful, highlighting the talent and innovation the industry possesses. There is, however, one small problem. Protests against the 2035 target and the preceding emissions targets have come from across the industry. Some of the most notable voices, including Porsche and BMW, have cited that the target is no longer realistic due to slow BEV sales and a lack of consumer demand. This comes as the industry is facing up to €15 billion in fines for failing to meet the EU’s CO2 emis- sions targets in 2025. Pressure from the industry, motivated by concern for its future viability, led to the European Commission launching a ‘strategic dialogue’ with stakeholders in January 2025.7 The broad expectation is that charging infrastructure improvement, range and efficiency increases, and improved affordability will be critical to adoption. Alternatives, such as sustain- able synthetic fuels, may also play an important role in the coming years and have seen significant investment, includ- ing more than $100 million from Porsche.8 Aftermarket evolution Currently, the independent aftermar- ket accounts for around 62% of parts and components sold in Europe.9 This means 

APRIL 2025 DIGITISATION 07 The future is now: The ATR Digital Conference and Symposium heads to Barcelona! Save the date for 21 and 22 October Following the success of previous events, the much-anticipated ATR Digital Conference and Symposium returns—this time in the “trendy” city of Barcelona renowned for its Gaudí master- pieces and Art Nouveau architecture. As digital transformation contin- ues to redefine industries, the ATR Digital and Conference Symposium pre- sents a crucial opportunity to fur- ther explore, and identify the next steps needed to nav- igate the ever-evolving Aftermarket landscape. discuss, play an important part. Attendees can expect a compelling lineup of inspirational speakers, thought-pro- voking panel discussions, and unmatched networking opportunities with oth- er industry leaders and visionaries. They will once again have the chance to learn about new developments, fresh perspectives and best practices, empowering them to drive progress within their organisations N a c i o n Maps Data © 2025 Google, Inst. G e o g r . a l and beyond. conversations and strategic partnerships. If you’re looking to stay ahead of the curve, this is an event you won’t want to miss. Get ready to shape the future of the International Aftermarket! Don’t forget to block your calendars on the 21 and 22 October 2025 and secure a seat in Barcelona! This year’s conference promises to be another great event, delving once again into pressing topics such as the ever-shift- ing digital landscape, technological advancements, and sustainability chal- lenges. Ensuring and supporting digital transformation from “top to bottom“, requires a strategic, inclusive, and well-structured approach, where we all As businesses and societies grapple with industry shifts, this conference serves as more than just an event. It is a forum for actionable insights and collaborative solutions. Beyond the conference, Barcelona, known for its Mediterranean climate, coastal charm, and innovative spirit, pro- vides the perfect setting for meaningful KEY FACTS This year’s ATR Digital Conference and Symposium in Barcelona presents a crucial opportunity to further discuss, explore, and identify the next steps needed to navigate the ever-evolving Aftermarket landscape. 

APRIL 2025 INSIDE ATR 09 Strengthening partnerships at Automechanika Shanghai Perfect platform to engage with partners from the APAC region Wolfgang Menges, Managing Director Purchasing / IT and Vincent Tan, General Manager – Asia Pacific, were only two of more than 200,000 visitors at Automechanika Shanghai which took place from 2–5 December 2024. The 20th edition of the fair proved to be the perfect platform for ATR to meet several ATR shareholders, hold high-qual- ity meetings with the APAC leadership teams of the ATR suppliers, dive into dis- KEY FACTS The 20th Automechanika Shanghai, trade fair, in December 2024, was the perfect platform for ATR to meet several ATR share- holders, hold high-quality meetings with Asian-Pacific leadership teams of the ATR suppliers, dive into discussions about the current business environment and explore future opportunities within the region. IPAS FORUM ATR IPAS FORUM BERLIN 16-18 September 2025 cussions about the current business envi- ronment and explore future opportunities within the region. Wolfgang and Vincent thus spent three exciting and productive days of networking, visiting supplier booths and discovering innovations that are shaping the future automotive industry. And of course, the trip would not have been complete without experiencing Shanghai’s incredible cuisine. ATR had the pleasure of hosting a dinner for our share- holders who attended the fair. The evening was a great mix of networking and collaborative conver- sations, strengthening bonds sharing visions for the future. Many thanks to Auto Corp., BSB, Carzone, Empire Motor, Goldenlink Auto, Rimbunan Kuasa, Aaron Montecchio Ltd., DER, Forum Auto Group, and Phaeton for contrib- uting to such a memo- rable end of ATR’s China trip. and 

APRIL 2025 INSIDE ATR 11 Martaş Automotive celebrated its 45th anniversary Martaş Automotive celebrated its in 2025 45th anniversary in Eskişehir with its leading staff. The company honoured its past achievements, emphasising its strong position in the industry. It had the opportunity to share its vision for the future with its leading staff. The event showcased Martaş Automotive’s leadership approach, highlighting its inno- vative mindset and determination. It was not only a celebration but also a vision for the future. The company’s contributions to the sector and its goals were conveyed in detail. With 45 years of experience, Martaş Automotive looks to the future with confi- dence. In this meaningful event, ideas on changes in the sector were presented. The company once again demonstrated its commitment to innovation and technology through this event, which brought every- one together, from employees to business Martaş Automotive celebrated its 45th anniversary in Eskişehir with its leading team partners. The company conveyed messag- es that reinforced its leadership mission in the sector. Martaş Automotive shared its strategic goals for the future. This anniver- sary was a celebration that inspired and guided the sector. KEY FACTS Having operated in the industry for over 45 years, Martaş Automotive offers a diverse range of products with a professional workforce of more than 1,050 employees and places employee well-being at the core of its company culture. Martaş Automotive organised the 3rd Leaders Summit in Eskişehir At the 3rd Leaders Summit organised by Martaş Automotive in Eskişehir on 3-4 January 2025, with the theme “Inspire, Lead, Make a Difference”, the company’s 45-year success story was celebrated, while future strategies and goals were discussed. At the summit, ses- sions with rich content were organised around the themes of leadership and inno- vation. The leading staff of Martaş Automo- tive shared their experiences, developed projections and crafted forward-looking strategies for the future of the sector. One of the key speakers at the summit, Mr. Serdar Aslan, General Manager of Febi Bilstein, one of the important names in the industry, gave an inspiring speech to the participants. While sharing valuable infor- mation about the transformation processes in the industry, Mr. Aslan underlined the concepts of “being open to change and visionary leadership”. This speech was not only informative for the participants but also conveyed strong messages about the importance of innovative thinking and lead- ership skills. At the end of the summit, the leadership team and participants exchanged in-depth ideas on the transfor- mation processes in the sector. These discussions shaped the strategies that will form the foundations of Martaş Automotive’s future success. Martaş Automotive Heavy Vehicles Business Unit held a Strategic Meeting with Schaeffler and its customers in Cyprus With 45 years of expertise, a strong lead- ership approach, and a visionary perspective that shapes the industry, Martaş Automotive remains committed to achieving even great- er success in the future. Martaş Automotive Heavy Vehicles Business Unit brought together its esteemed supplier Schaeffler and its distinguished customers with a special strategic meeting held in Cyprus on 6-8 December 2024. The event, which was enriched with meetings and workshops, was extremely productive in terms of evaluating existing collabora- tions and determining new strategies for the future. The event was crowned with a visit to the Grand Maraş and Walled City on 8 December. This unforgettable expe- rience created great business and social value for the participants. 

APRIL 2025 INSIDE ATR 13 SAFE: Your smart purchase SAFE Refacciones: A leader in innovation and quality in the automotive market KEY FACTS Currently, SAFE Refacciones operates a robust network that includes more than 17 strategically located branches throughout Mexico, a cutting-edge online store, and a customer base exceeding 25,000 recurring buyers annually. Its projected sales for 2025 is $43 million. SAFE Refacciones is a Mexican com- pany that has set a milestone in the distribution of high-quality automo- tive parts. Founded 17 years ago, SAFE began as a small family business with a clear focus: namely, to offer the highest quality products, maintain inventory avail- ability at competitive prices, and prioritise customer satisfaction. Over the years, the company has experienced exponential growth, establishing itself as one of the most recognised distributors in Mexico thanks to its commitment to innovation and customer-centric approach. Key figures and strategic expansion Today, SAFE Refacciones operates a robust network that includes more than 17 strategically located branches throughout Mexico, a cutting-edge online store, and a customer base exceeding 25,000 recur- ring buyers annually. This sustained growth reaffirms its leadership in the sec- tor, projecting sales of $43 million in 2025. Mission, vision, and objectives SAFE’s mission is to excel in customer satisfaction by offering the best product portfolio aimed at increasing the value of their vehicles through availability and ser- vice. Its vision is to be recognised by cus- tomers as the leading provider of high-val- ue products for vehicle care and maintenance, generating sustainable eco- nomic, social, and environmental value by managing innovative and winning busi - ness models with the best industry professionals. Structure and logistics SAFE Refacciones boasts a top-tier logistics infrastructure designed to ensure fast and efficient deliveries. Its distribution network covers the country’s major cities, allowing for average delivery times of less than 48 hours. Additionally, SAFE collabo- rates with authorised distributors, ensur- ing greater sales coverage and reinforcing its position as a trusted partner for its customers. The company also stands out for its online store, www.saferefacciones.shop, which provides an intuitive shopping expe- rience and access to thousands of prod- ucts, ranging from premium vehicle parts to everyday maintenance solutions. Training and development SAFE Refacciones continuously invests in training its staff. Its training centre, located in Guadalajara, coordinates educa- tional programmes with original auto parts suppliers, focusing on the sales force and obtaining certifications from original brand suppliers. Social responsibility SAFE’s commitment to society goes beyond its commercial operations. In 2025, the company will implement a “Clean City” awareness programme, carry- ing out this campaign in cities where the brand has a presence. Additionally, SAFE actively participates in social impact pro- jects, such as supporting vulnerable communities. SAFE and ATR: A strategic alliance Being a member of ATR is a key factor for SAFE Refacciones, providing access to a global network of suppliers and special- ised knowledge in the automotive market. This collaboration has strengthened SAFE’s product portfolio diversification and reinforced its position in the interna- tional market. Furthermore, being part of ATR highlights its commitment to global quality standards, enhancing its network of original parts suppliers. In summary, SAFE Refacciones is more than just a parts distributor; it is a strategic ally that prioritises quality, innovation, and customer commitment. With strategic partners like ATR, SAFE strengthens its position in Mexico to face future challeng- es and continue leading the way in the automotive industry. 

APRIL 2025 INSIDE ATR 15 KGK/Autoexperten partners with Alltrucks Truck & Trailer Service A partnership to expand the workshop network for commercial vehicles in Sweden KGK/Autoexperten is initiating a new strategic partnership with Alltrucks, a leading provider in the commercial vehicle industry. The Alltrucks concept is backed by prominent players like Knorr-Bremse, Bosch, and ZF. This collabo- ration aims to offer a comprehensive work- shop concept under the Alltrucks brand for commercial vehicle workshops in Sweden. Alltrucks is renowned for its successful full-service concept, already established in over 700 partner workshops across 17 European countries. KGK/Autoexperten will now represent Alltrucks in the Swedish market. Through this partnership, KGK/ Autoexperten will: • Identify and recruit workshops that meet the high standards of the Alltrucks concept. • Build long-term business relationships with workshop partners and ensure ongoing performance and support. • Provide services that assist workshops in implementing and developing the Alltrucks concept. This partnership enables transport companies to access fast and seamless service along European roads, reducing downtime and complications. A Partnership for the future This collaboration strengthens the posi- tions of both KGK/Autoexperten and Alltrucks in the Swedish market. The goal is to deliver added value to workshops by combining the proven success strategy of the Alltrucks concept with KGK/ Autoexperten’s deep local market knowl- edge and network. • “We see this partnership as a fantastic opportunity to enhance our offering to workshops in Sweden. The Alltrucks concept is a proven system that we believe will contribute to the success and growth of our workshop partners. Together with Alltrucks, we can take the next step in delivering high-quality solutions to our customers,” says Anders Nilsson, Sales Director at KGK/ Autoexperten. • “We are thrilled to collaborate with KGK/ Autoexperten as our representative in Sweden. Their strong position and experience in the Swedish market make them an ideal partner to establish and develop the Alltrucks concept. Together, we can offer workshops a premium concept that strengthens their competi- tiveness and ensures long-term success,” says Homer Smyrliadis, CEO of Alltrucks. KEY FACTS KGK/Autoexperten is initiating a new strategic partnership with Alltrucks, a leading provider in the commercial vehicle industry, and already established in over 700 partner workshops across 17 European countries. shop chains that they offer for their customers. Since many workshop entrepreneurs and mechanics already showed interest in Autoexperten, Kaha is looking for- ward to seeing the results and start growing the workshop chain in Finland. KEY FACTS Kaha (KGK Finland) was present at Autokorjaamo 2025 fair, Helsinki, and their exhibition stand’s focus was on the brand new Autoexperten chain and two other workshop chains that they offer for their customers. 

APRIL 2025 INSIDE ATR 17 KEY FACTS LKQ Europe currently employs approximately 26,500 people with a network of more than 900 branches. The organisation supplies more than 100,000 workshops in more than 18 European countries. The group includes LKQ UK & Ireland, LKQ Benelux-France, LKQ RHIAG Group, Elit, LKQ CZ, and LKQ DACH, as well as recycling specialist, Atracco. fluctuating markets. Its strategic market positioning avoids being overtraded or underpriced while maintaining brand integrity and value. Emotive is an impor- tant partner for LKQ and its brands a key part of the business’ product portfolio. And from a talent perspective, LKQ is harmonising the way it rewards and devel- ops its people while also investing in a more diverse workforce. Ultimately the transformation is about becoming leaner, more agile and better able to respond to every customer, every time. Transition Pathway for Mobility, and will be delivered through the LKQ Academy. Offering more than 2,200 courses in 14 different languages, the LKQ Academy is focussed on supporting core skills devel- opment on the workshop floor, to ensure independent repairers can complete every job to the highest standard, as well as help- ing customer-facing workshop staff to develop and improve their customer ser- vice, marketing functions and more. LKQ Academy users in key markets where SERMI is implemented can take advantage of exclusive discounts when obtaining their SERMI certification through LKQ’s partner conformity assessment bodies. And access to the LKQ Academy is a key benefit for members of LKQ’s 8,000-strong workshop concept network, alongside marketing support, up-to-date digital solu- tions, and opportunities for new business, through LKQ’s strategic partnerships. The network spans 11 of the 18 countries Key to that is bringing some 80 differ- ent acquisitions – clustered into five regions – together under single platforms to create a more connected and harmo- nised single European organisation. A Europe-wide programme of integra- tion has been underway since 2019, touch- ing on brand, infrastructure, culture and ways of working – and which is now in its final phase. As well as driving more commonality with customer propositions like workshop concepts and LKQ Academy, this includes rationalising the product portfolio to ensure the right product is on the shelf across the network sites so that colleagues can say ‘yes’ to customers the first time they get in touch. LKQ is the #1 distributor of the Emotive house of brands – launched in 2024 to bring together the likes of Starline, ERA and Optimal. Emotive’s USP is its extensive control of the end-to-end value chain, which ensures consistent supply even in LKQ operates in and comprises a range of concept brands with different criteria and levels of affiliation, to suit quality work- shops with different needs and at different stages of their jour- neys. The ambition is to onboard another 2,000 work- shops across Europe and reach a network of 10,000 in the com- ing years. Andy Hamilton: “Digitalisation cannot be overlooked by independent workshops who want to compete with the dealerships today, tomorrow and in the future. We have cutting edge online ordering platforms – underpinned by best-in-class, robust cataloguing – garage management software solutions and remote diagnostics solutions. Combined, these ensure quick accurate parts look-up and ordering, effective work scheduling and a first-time fix in good time, every time.” A more connected organisation Driving innovation and supporting elec- trification are core elements of LKQ’s com- mitment to sustainability. The three pillars of the organisation’s global sustainability strategy are profita- bly delivering sustainable outcomes, peo- ple-led performance and strong govern- ance and ethical practices. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 19 A Universe of Solutions, One Click Away febi Truck launches new Universal Parts range and 3D Easy Search website tool Showing its continued commitment to commercial vehicle drivers, tech- nicians and fleet managers - the unsung heroes of the road that keep our world in motion - febi Truck has added a new product group to its already exten- sive range: Universal Parts. However, febi Truck has not stopped there in its never-ending quest to improve the daily lives of its loyal customers and how they interact with the brand. To speed up and simplify the ordering process of any of the universal parts for commercial vehicle parts, which are rarely searched by any number, febi Truck has launched 3D Easy Search; a cutting-edge interactive visual online tool that takes users to the exact component they need in just one click. Making things even easier still is febi Truck’s new 3D Easy Search online tool. This innovative new feature allows users to KEY FACTS febi Truck’s new 3D Easy Search online tool allows users to interact with various components on a 360º rotating 3D truck model and, with just a single click, be transported to the relevant page on partsfinder - the bilstein group’s online cataloguing system. interact with various components on a 360º rotating 3D truck model and, with just a single click, be transported to the relevant page on partsfinder - the bilstein group’s online cataloguing system. This intuitive solution simplifies the search process and ensures users can find the exact part they are looking for quickly and effortlessly, especially for those with- out an OE number. Discover febis new 3D Easy Search here. Discover a Universe of Solutions with febi Universal Parts for commercial vehicles are versatile components or accessories designed to work seamlessly across a wide variety of makes and models. Universal Parts are designed with compatibility in mind, to fit multiple types and brands of vehicles within a certain category. Why Universal Parts? It’s all about simplifying. By making the maintenance, repair and customisation processes straightforward and easy, Universal Parts eliminates the need of stocking a unique part for every make and model, saving both time and mo ney. This not only streamlines inventory management but also makes it easier to source and manage the compo- nents needed to keep commercial vehicles running smoothly. 3D Easy Search online tool Your Benefits Wide Range – From Steering & Suspension to Engine Components and Electrics, febi’s Universal Parts range has you covered with almost 2,000 parts across all product groups. One Click Search – With our innovative 3D Easy Search tool, one click on a compo- nent is all it takes to get to the relevant page of our partsfinder catalogue and all the details you need. Highest Quality – febi Universal Parts are manufactured to OE-matching stan- dards to be easy adapted to different vehi- cle configurations without any compro- mise in performance or safety. febi is your Nº 1 Solution Provide febi Universal Parts 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 21 Brake fluid suitable for safe handling by all workshop mechanics • The improved formulation of the DOT 4 E brake fluid achieves a good balance between high boiling point and low viscosity despite the absence of borates • The brake fluid exceeds the international DOT 4 standard and is also suitable for electric vehicles • The DOT 4 E brake fluid simplifies hazardous substance management in workshops KEY FACTS Bosch has developed a brake fluid called DOT 4 E that contains no hazardous borates and achieves a good balance between a high boiling point and low viscosity. To raise their boiling point, conven- tional brake fluids contain borates. But these are classified as toxic; they can affect fertility and endanger unborn children. That’s why brake fluids have to be handled with protective gloves and goggles, and why pregnant women should avoid any contact with brake fluid. Now Bosch has developed a brake fluid called DOT 4 E that contains no hazardous borates and achieves a good balance between a high boiling point and low vis- cosity. Because it isn’t classified as a haz- ardous substance, it’s safe for pregnant women to handle. What’s more, it exceeds the international DOT 4 standard and demonstrates low viscosity. This makes it suitable for many vehicle types with ABS and ESP. In developing the new brake fluid, care was taken to ensure that it exhibits low electrical conductivity and – like all other brake fluids from Bosch – can be used in electric vehicles. More environmentally friendly packaging with a shelf life of 30 months Bosch’s new DOT 4 E brake fluid comes in a bottle made of 100 % recycled plastic, which also makes it even more sustainable and environmentally friendly. In compre- hensive testing, Bosch has ensured that the recycled bottles can keep the brake fluid fresh for up to 30 months. This new product is of particular inter- est to workshop customers who value envi- ronmental protection and sustainability: they get a brake fluid that features more environmentally friendly packaging and is not classified as a hazardous substance. Bosch’s new brake fluid chimes with grow- ing efforts to avoid hazardous substances. In workshops, it simplifies hazardous sub- stance management and, moreover, is safe for all mechanics to handle. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 23 Always One Step Ahead ATE Service Ecosystem for the Workshop Everything the workshop needs: This is not only a comprehensive and highly available range of spare parts in OEM quality, but also the right tools, expert support and entrepreneurial advice. With its brake brand ATE, Continental offers a complete ecosystem for professional automotive services – making workshops fit for the future. Digitalization, sustainability, techno- logical change and competitive envi- ronment: workshops are undergoing a rapid transformation in almost all areas. This is both a challenge and an opportunity. The workshop must have access to high-quality spare parts in order to be able to offer customers a professional service. But spare parts in OEM-quality are one thing. The other is expertise, the right tools and support at the right time – all things that help workshops in offering their cus- tomers a modern and up-to-date service. To this end, Continental has built a compre- hensive ecosystem of services for the workshop that goes far beyond the stan- dard. Workshop equipment, technical docu- mentation, expert hotline, (online) training courses and practice-orientated training, an attractive workshop module and digital knowledge platforms not only make every- day life in the workshop easier* they also offer the necessary safety and quality for every repair step – and they are a crucial building block for the company’s success. Excellence in Parts, Tools, Expertise and Training ATE offers a comprehensive range of special tools for brake servicing: testing and inspection devices, bleeding devices, matching bleeding nozzles, disposal de - vices and fully-equipped workshop trolleys with special tools for brake maintenance and repair. The ATE hotline is an important point of contact for technical questions relating to brakes. The hotline team con- sists of experienced brake specialists who provide expert assistance. As an original equipment manufacturer, Continental has Comprehensive service ecosystem from ATE. KEY FACTS Continental offers independent workshops in a comprehensive service ecosystem: spare parts in OEM quality with technical documentation that sets standards, workshop equipment and special tools as well as a hotline and a comprehensive training programme – all rounded off by a pioneering digital knowledge platform. first-hand information and imparts this knowledge in practice-orientated and cus- tomized training courses on site and in vir- tual classrooms. Real Added Value: Digital Learning and Service Modules Advancing the workshop – that is also the intention of the digital knowledge plat- form morecontinental.com and the cross- brand extranet solution. While the extranet provides all technical information on pro- ducts and equipment as well as on the com- prehensive partner services, the digital know-how platform morecontinental.com bundles the offerings of the TrainingsCenter, provides a comprehensive Knowledge Center on almost all workshop topics and offers a continuously updated range of streaming channels on the topics of “AutomotiveAktuell”, “Technik” and “WerkstattErfolg”. With the comprehensive range of ser- vices offered by the Continental and ATE brands, independent workshops are always up to date with a constantly changing vehi- cle fleet and are supported not only with spare parts but also with the necessary ser- vices. This gives workshops the opportunity to tap into the brake business segment in a competent and customer-oriented manner, making them even more successful in business. *Offers and solutions may vary by country and may not be available everywhere. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 25 Technical drawings, fitting instructions and other free resources now available via QR codes KEY FACTS Users can scan codes to access expanded digital library: technical drawings and fitting instructions. Brussels, Belgium, April 2025 – DRiV Incorporated is proud to announce the expansion of its free, on-de- mand digital resources available through the QR code feature on its packaging. Now, automotive professionals can access detailed, vehicle-specific product techni- cal drawings and fitting instructions, designed to ensure faster, easier repairs. Fitting instructions for Ferodo® and Jurid® Light Vehicle brake pads are now available online and translated into over 25 languages. Previously included as printed materials within the product pack- aging, these instructions are now conven- iently accessible via the QR code by select- ing “fitting instructions” and scanning the EAN code. This shift not only reflects DRiV’s commitment to environmental sus- tainability but also centralises all technical resources in one digital platform. On the other hand, the introduction of technical drawings on Monroe®, Ferodo®, Jurid® and MOOG® products is another key feature recently added. By scanning the QR code on the packaging, users can instantly access the necessary technical drawing for a specific installation or repair. This feature is made possible through a partnership between DRiV’s Garage Gurus technical specialists and HaynesPro® solu- tion from Infopro Digital Automotive, a comprehensive automotive database. Once the QR code is scanned, users can select “technical drawing”, enter the rele- vant vehicle details (vehicle maker, model, year, and engine), and the digital interface will then guide them through the process step by step. In addition to these enhanced resourc- es, the QR code functionality offers imme- diate access to vital information, including part reference numbers, technical videos, warranty terms, brand information, current promotions, and free technical webinars. This feature also enables customers to ver- ify the authenticity of Monroe®, Ferodo®, Jurid®, MOOG®, Engine Expertise and Walker® product products with ease, ensuring confidence in every purchase. “Our packaging QR codes unlock a wealth of important information that can help users quickly find the right parts; per- form complete, high-quality repairs; and protect themselves and their customers from the risks of counterfeit products – all without needing to download an app to their phones”, said Marijn Staal, Senior Manager Training and Technical Services for Garage Guru, DRiV EMEA. “The addi- DRiV Incorporated expanded its free, on-demand digital resources that are available through the QR code. Fitting instructions for Ferodo® and Jurid® Light Vehicle brake pads are now available online and translated into over 25 languages. tion of product-specific technical drawings and fitting instructions to our digital library puts critical, timesaving repair intelligence directly into users’ hands when and where they need it most”. Click here and/or contact your DRiV Incorporated supplier to learn more about the QR code available with Monroe, Ferodo, Jurid, MOOG, Engine Expertise and Walker products. About Tenneco Tenneco is one of the world’s leading designers, manufacturers, and marketers of automotive products for original equip- ment and aftermarket customers. Through their DRiV, Performance Solutions, Clean Air and Powertrain business groups, Tenneco is driving advancements in global mobility by delivering technology solu- tions for light vehicle, commercial truck, off-highway, industrial, motorsport and the aftermarket. Visit www.tenneco.com to learn more. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 27 Exide Batteries and Sustainability: A Partnership for a Greener Future Sustainability is a central issue of our time, encompassing the responsible use of natural resources, social jus- tice, and sustainable corporate governance. With pressing challenges like climate change and resource scarcity, integrating sustainable practices into business models is imperative. Exide Technologies leads the way with its comprehensive sustainability strategy, which revolves around environ- mental, social, and governance (ESG) pil- lars. The company sets measurable targets, conducts double materiality analyses, and aligns its goals with global standards to foster a circular economy and sustainable product (learn more in Exide Technologies’ latest ESG Report – link) lifecycle management its energy consumption is sourced from renewable sources, generated by itself or on its behalf, with ongoing efforts this proportion. increase to Automotive lead batteries – a role model for the circular economy Exide Technologies’ lead-acid batteries are a prime example of sustainable battery technology. In fact, 99% of automotive lead-based batteries are collected and recycled in the EU, making it one of the most recycled consumer products in the EU and even at a global level.* This high recycling quota significantly reduces the consumption of new raw materials and minimises the environmental impact of used batteries. On average, 75% of total lead and alloys purchased at Exide Technologies for manu- facturing new batteries is already of sec- ondary (recycled) origin today (FY24). Going forward, the company’s sustainability strategy aims to further increase the utili- sation of secondary lead and includes spe- cific measures to embed sustainability and circularity principles even more profoundly into the product design process. By doing so, Exide Technologies aims to create prod- ucts with further reduced environmental impact throughout their lifecycle. Recycling competence in-house Exide’s commitment to sustainability extends to its state-of-the-art recycling * source facilities. With three advanced recycling centers in Europe employing around 140 employees, they play a key role in reducing waste and preserving natural resources. In FY24, Exide recovered 96,066 tons of lead from batteries and other lead materials in its own smelters. All the lead recovered is reused to manufacture new batteries. With these operations, Exide has set a benchmark for the circular economy, car- bon footprint reduction, and community wellbeing. Renewable Energy Production At the heart of Exide’s strategy is the seamless integration of renewable ener- gies. The company currently already operates five photovoltaic installations in Portugal and Spain, comprising over 30,000 solar panels with a combined capacity of almost 13 MWp (Megawatt Peak). Projects are ongoing to increase the installations, showcasing Exide’s commitment to renewable energy and reduced carbon emissions. By 2030, Exide aims to ensure that at least 20% of Going forward Exide Technologies, with its robust sustainability initiatives, cutting-edge technologies, and commitment to ethical business practices, is leading the way toward a greener future. The company’s climate-related targets, renewable ener- gy production, and recycling facilities has set the stage for a future where energy storage is not just a necessity but a force for positive change. Together, Exide Technologies and ATR are not just meet- ing the energy needs of today but are supercharging the world’s energy requirements while preserving resources for future generations. KEY FACTS On average, 75% of total lead and alloys purchased at Exide Technologies for manufactur- ing new batteries is already of secondary (recycled) origin today (FY24). 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 29 GKN Automotive Aftermarket GKN Automotive is the global leader in drive systems and trusted partner for most of the world’s automotive companies. GKN Automotive is the global sup- plier for 90% of all the OEM car manufacturers. Whatever the powertrain, GKN Automotive has the solution. GKN Automotive offers the complete range of sideshafts, CV joint solutions, bootkits and propshafts mak- ing it simple to assemble the right solu- tion for every type of passenger vehicle: hybrid, electric or combustion. GKN’s Countertrack® CV joints use opposed tracks that better balance the internal forces, reducing friction and improving efficiency and NVH. As a result, GKN Automotive solutions enable vehi- cles offering a range of different power- trains and power outputs to keep common suspension geometries and dimensions. At GKN Automotive they appreciate the impact of all the critical driveline compo- nents on a vehicle’s dynamic performance, noise, vibration, harshness (NVH), durabil- ity, efficiency and weight saving, and their key role in enhancing power delivery, han- dling and comfort. GKN’s advanced sideshafts are the result of a continuing commitment to researching and develop- ing new means to optimise and improve total sideshaft performance, each fully supported by their long experience from the very first days of sideshaft application. GKN’s boot kits contain all the individual parts needed for pro- fessional repairs: boot, boot cir- clips, tightening straps, bolts, nuts, spacers, etc. Premium propshafts for your safety and comfort GKN Automotive’s unique capability and innovative lead in crash-optimised propshafts ensure a safer and more com- fortable driving experience. Strength, stiffness, precision balance and low mass are the essential properties of propshafts in ensuring durability and minimum levels of Noise Vibration Harshness (NVH). Shaft joints and cou- plings for propshafts also have to accom- modate severe service loads, high angles and apparent changes in path length, due to relative displacement between axles and the gearbox in passenger cars, and the high ‘shock’ loads commonplace in all-terrain vehicles. GKN Automotive is the only supplier of complete propshafts with OEM quality in the independent aftermarket. Replacement propshafts are available for many common SUV’s, AWD and light commercial vehicles. For more information, visit: www. gknautomotive.com. KEY FACTS GKN Automotive offers the complete range of sideshafts, CV joint solutions, bootkits and propshafts making it simple to assemble the right solution for every type of passenger vehicle: hybrid, electric or combustion. Left: Modular lighweight propshaft systems box Right: Sideshafts for EV 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 31 Lesjöfors electrify the EV spring market According to the International Energy Agency (IEA) nearly one in five cars sold in 2023 was electric, a 35% year-on-year increase, resulting in 40 million EV cars on the road. The race is on, and, whilst some coun- tries and continents are further ahead than others, the Lesjöfors range of EV suspension spring applica- tions is leading the field and continuing to grow. With more than 175 individual parts that fit EV, PHEV or MHEV, and applica- tions across Tesla Model 3, S P85D, Y Performance, Jaguar I-PACE EV400 & Volkswagen ID 3, 4 & GTX models, Europe’s market leaders in the suspension coil spring Aftermarket are at the forefront of electrifying the suspension spring range for the EV market. With China, Europe and the United States dominating 95% of the market- place, Lesjöfors’ strategically located manufacturing and distribution sites are well placed to meet the growing demands from this segment. During 2024, the Lesjöfors Group achieved verification from the Science Based Target Initiative (SBTi) - committing to drive ambitious climate action across its global organization. Achieving this first for the spring manufacturing industry, the group is also working to enhance its product deve- lopment process, enga- ging with suppliers to increase the share of recycled metals, develo- ping lower carbon foot- print metals across its product line. Robert Glynn, VP of Lesjöfors A u t o m o t i v e says: “Strong electric car sales is a trend KEY FACTS Lesjöfors’ strategically located manufacturing and distribution sites are well placed to meet the growing demands for springs for hybrid and EV cars. we are going to see more of. We continually add to our EV range and are ready to meet the growing Aftermarket demand. Our role is to deliver OE quality and unparalleled availability across our EV range, as our ICE range is already well recognized for. I am proud of our ambition to be the most sustainable spring manufacturer in the world and that our teams are driven to be first to market with EV parts. We focus on meeting market demand and excelling at manufacturing and distribution. Our offer is the complete spring range, pro- duced to OE standards and available today.” Recognized for their quality, range, and service, Lesjöfors is consistently launching new-to-range springs for EV, hybrid and mild-hybrid, and the stage is set for 2025 to be an electrifying year for EV coil spring Aftermarket supply for the group. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 33 Mold, pollen, and particulate matter in car cabin air Every third vehicle interior is contaminated with bacteria, mold, particulate mat- ter, pollen, and harmful gases. A new guideline defines requirements for providing healthy air in cars in the long run. key factor for health and safety,” Winkens adds. David Keerl, expert for biofunctional filter materials at MANN+HUMMEL and a major contributor to the revision of the new guideline, confirms this: “It’s really essential to regularly change the cabin air filter once a year or at least every 15,000 km. And it’s best to replace it with a highly efficient cabin air filter, such as our bio- functional MANN-FILTER FreciousPlus in original equipment quality which filters out mold, germs, bacteria and pollen. This extends the life- time of the air conditioning sys- tem because it prevents deposits from forming on the fine structure of the evaporator and also maintains the system’s full cooling and heat- ing capacity.” Over time and with increasing c o n t a m i n a t i o n , the filter medium slowly clogs and a “filter cake” forms in the pleats. Cabin air filters can only perform their meticulous clean- ing work flawlessly if they are promptly replaced at the recommended service interval. KEY FACTS It’s essential to regularly change the cabin air filter once a year or at least every 15,000 km because they can only perform their meticulous cleaning work flawlessly if they are promptly replaced at the recom- mended service interval. out keep all unwanted hitchhik- ers. But unfortu- nately, filters are often old, heavily soiled or incorrect- ly installed. Harmful gases and noxious particles then enter the vehicle interior via the ventilation system and endanger the health of the driver and occupants. We are not talking about individual cases here, but about a mass phenomenon, since every third passenger car is margin- ally or heavily contaminated.” Winkens recommends changing the filter and cleaning the relevant compo- nents annually. Otherwise, car owners would be driving around with microorgan- isms in their ventilation system. “Healthy air from the air conditioning system can only be ensured by properly cleaning the evaporator and the area surrounding the pollen filter after a timely filter change. This is not just a matter of comfort, but a To ensure that clean air flows into the vehicle interior, both the evap- orator and the cabin air filter must be serviced or replaced regularly. How- ever, service intervals are often not adhered to since most car drivers are not aware of them. Dirty cabin air filters and poorly maintained air conditioning systems can cause health risks. A new guideline issued by two German Associ- ations (VDI and ZDK) is intended to remedy It regulates hygiene requirements for ventilation technolo- gy in passenger cars and trucks. this. Dr. Andreas Winkens, Chair of the VDI Guidelines Committees, explains: “In the new guideline, we have defined the fol- lowing parameters to ensure the air drawn into vehicles is hygienically clean: cleaning the air conditioning system, changing intervals for cabin air filters, how these filters should be changed and, of course, the quality of filters because cabin air filters in vehicles should in fact 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 35 Nissens Condenser Easy installation, excellent performance and long lifespan Whenever the system requires a with the necessary o-rings, making the fit- ting process easy and safe for the system. reliable and well-performing condenser replacement, Nissens Condenser is a great, reliable choice for the technician to perform the best-in- class AC service. Excellent Performance The proper design and materials ensure the part’s, thus the entire system’s, proper vitality and performance for a long time. KEY FACTS Nissens First Fit condensers are delivered with the necessary o-rings, making the fitting process easy and safe. Long-life Product The protective coating is applied to all Nissens’ condensers to secure their long life, even in harsh environmental conditions. Easy Installation The part fits the vehicle’s layout precisely. Nissens First Fit condensers are delivered Excellent Transport Protection The package is safe and protects the fragile part against damage. Genuine Nissens Quality Designed, manufactured, and tested to their premium quality standard. The condenser is pressurised with a neutral gas and tight caps protect its cou- plings (solution implemented in the major- ity of models in Nissens’ condenser range since 2023). These features confirm its tightness and keep the dirt and moisture from getting inside of the unit. All Vehicle Segments PV (passenger vehicles), LCV (light commercial vehicles), HCV (heavy commercial vehicles). New Energy Vehicles Battery-electric and hybrid-electric PVs. Technical Support Refrigerant, oil types and quantities finder, & technical stories library. nissens.com/support The Difference 1250+ item numbers in the range. 4840 OE numbers covered by the range. 50+ mew items added last season to the range. 180+ condenser models for new energy vehicles. 93% EU car parc’s coverage by Nissens’ Condensers. 79% coverage of the EU BEV/ HEV car parc by Nissens’ Condensers. Please visit Nissens’ product support here. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 37 A wide Aftermarket range of condensers Salt spray testing procedure NRF offers a wide range of high quality condensers. NRF condensers are known for their excellent performance and reliability. Almost all condensers are Easy Fit, so they are supplied with the correct O-ring. The widest range The NRF condenser range contains 984 references covering over 4,600 OE references and 96% of the European car parc. NRF offers condensers for passen- ger cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks and agricultural vehicles. Additionally, NRF has a dedicated range for electric vehicles. Strong and solid packaging Easy and quick installation All NRF condensers have the same connection points as the original parts. As a result, they always fit perfectly. Easy fit = supplied with the correct o-ring Almost all NRF condensers are Easy Fit, meaning that the condenser is sup- plied with the necessary O-ring. Easy Fit provides a great advantage for the work- shop because it ensures easy and quick installation of the NRF part. With Easy Fit you save time and money, which results in higher customer satisfaction. Quality tested by nrf in europe To ensure high quality, all NRF con- densers undergo various tests. Tests include leak tests and high-pressure tests. NRF also conducts salt spray tests to check corrosion resistance. This ensures that the product can withstand real road and weather conditions. Most tests are conducted at in-house test cen- tres in Europe. Strong and solid packaging NRF condensers are packed in strong and solid boxes. The product is addition- ally fixed and protected to prevent dam- age during storage and transportation. The inlet and outlet connections are cov- ered to protect them from impurities. KEY FACTS The NRF condenser range contains 984 references covering over 4,600 OE references and 96% of the European car parc. NRF offers condensers for passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks and agricultural vehicles. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 39 Revolutionizing warranty claims: Schaeffler‘s AI system makes them faster and more efficient In the Automotive Aftermarket, where speed and innovation drive success, Schaeffler is leading the charge with a groundbreaking AI-powered system designed to revolutionize warranty claims management. Rethinking warranty management For years, warranty claims have been a time-consuming burden for workshops and distributors, entailing lengthy com- munications and the physical return of parts. This inefficient process often stretched over a week, consuming valu- able resources and hampering productiv- ity. Recognizing the urgent need for improvement, Schaeffler has taken a pio- neering step with its advanced solution. then analyze and validate claims in real time, cutting the time down significantly. This digital approach greatly reduces manual intervention and accelerates res- olution times. Initially optimized for clutch disks and clutch pressure plates, the system has already shown significant improvements in efficiency. As Schaeffler gathers more data from warranty cases, the company plans to extend these capabilities to addi- tional product categories. Benefits that matter Schaeffler’s AI-driven solu- tion offers substantial benefits: Sustainability By minimizing the need to ship parts back and forth, the system reduces the carbon footprint associated with war- ranty claims, as each returned part previously travelled an average of more than 100 kilo- metres on average. Enhanced product quality Data collected through the system provides valuable insight into installation issues, enabling continuous improve- ments and performance. in product design A Vision for the Future Schaeffler’s commitment to innovation doesn’t stop here. As the company refines and expands its AI-assisted warranty claims solution, it remains focused on supporting workshops with advanced tools and technologies that simplify oper- ations while promoting sustainability. By transforming a traditionally challenging process into a seamless experience, Schaeffler is not only addressesing today’s needs but also paving the way for smarter, more efficient practices in the Automotive Aftermarket. Explore Schaeffler’s latest innovations at w w w. s c h a e f f l e r. c o m /a f t e r m a r ke t and www.repxpert.com. The future of war- ranty claims management is faster, smarter, and greener than ever. Fuel reduction Contact Schaeffler to find out more. AI-Assisted warranty claims: Faster, Smarter, Greener Schaeffler’s new AI-assisted warranty claims system redefines the traditional process by offering a highly efficient, digi tal alternative. Utilizing artificial intel- ligence, workshops and distributors can upload images of faulty parts through the REPXPERT app. Advanced algorithms Cost Savings: Simplified workflows and reduced logistical requirements result in lower operational costs for both work- shops and Schaeffler. Efficiency By reducing cycle times, workshops can focus on their core business, improving productivity and customer satisfaction. KEY FACTS Schaeffler’s new AI-assisted warranty claims system redefines the traditional process by offering a highly efficient, digital alternative. 

APRIL 2025 SUPPLIERS 41 ZF [pro]Diagnostics starts building a new digital service ecosystem for the Aftermarket KEY FACTS ZF MultiScan as part of ZF [pro] Diagnostics ecosystem is the go-to tool for reliable, multi-brand diagnos- tics across a wide range of vehicles, including passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks, trailers, and buses. ZF MultiScan offers fast and secure access to OE gateway-protected vehicle systems. to unlock OE security gate- ways effortlessly with a single registration. ZF Scan will replace the pre- vious solutions from ZF (Testman) and former WABCO (Truck/Bus/Trailer/Off- Highway) and enables the service ability of all ZF components such as transmissions, brake and chassis control systems. Integrating a rich Tier-1 diagnos- tics heritage and enabling new business models Building upon a long experience with diagnostics solutions for ZF-manufactured systems, ZF [pro]Diagnostics anticipates the importance of a reliable communica- tion with all relevant vehicle systems and a fast as well as precise interpretation of all data and error codes. “Workshops look for efficient and evolu- tive solutions enabling them to service their customer’s vehicles, today and tomor- row. By progressively integrating its ZF-systems diagnostics capabilities into its [pro]Diagnostics platform, ZF reduces the needs for multiple diagnostics solutions (hardware and software), with obvious financial benefits and efficiency gains for the workshops”, said Philippe Colpron. ZF expands its high level of diagnos- tics expertise for improved uptime: ZF [pro]Diagnostics will provide access to in-depth multi-brand and mul- ti-system diagnostics for an extensive range of the European car-park, including passenger cars and commercial vehicles across all fuel types. ZF [pro]Diagnostics enables independent workshops, tire cen- tres and fleets to improve their efficiency and generate new business by expanding their diagnostic capabilities with a profes- sional solution for vehicle diagnostics and calibration. “Modern vehicle architectures place even greater demands on the diagnostic expertise of independent workshops. With ZF [pro]Diagnostics, we will offer an inno- vative, holistic diagnostic solution that reflects ZF’s reinforced commitment to provide workshops with market-leading multi-brand and multi-system vehicle diagnostics solutions, for passenger cars and commercial vehicles”, emphasized Philippe Colpron, Head of ZF Aftermarket. “Our customers need tailored solutions to keep raising their customer service levels in a competitive market. The latest security standards to access vehicle data and the electrification of the vehicle park represent challenges for them, and ZF Aftermarket will offer them a suitable solution that reduces complex- ity while increas- ing the service capability of workshops.” Future-proofed diagnostics for every vehicle and system ZF MultiScan as part of ZF [pro] Diagnostics ecosystem is the go-to tool for reliable, multi-brand diagnostics across a wide range of vehicles, including passenger cars, light commercial vehicles, trucks, trailers, and buses. Tailored to meet the diverse needs of different kinds of work- shops, it will include three specialized soft- ware packages: MultiScan Car, MultiScan Trailer, and MultiScan Truck & Bus. With an extensive vehicle database, the solution ensures fast and precise trouble- shooting for tens of thousands of models, covering all essential vehicle systems. This means workshops can diagnose issues quickly and accurately, saving valuable time and resources. Equipped with the la test technology, ZF [pro]Diagnostics supports all major diagnostic protocols, including Diagnostics over Internet Protocol (DoIP) and CAN FD. Additionally, it supports access to the latest OE data secu- rity gateways and includes PassThru (J2534) capabilities, allowing workshops 

APRIL 2025 TRENDS 43 Requiring recharge Charging infrastructure has long been a point of discussion for industry, legisla- tors, and motorists considering an EV. In Europe, significant progress has been made in recent years, with a 115% increase in capacity delivered in 2024.6 This means there are now more than 900,000 public charge points in Europe.7 Even still, 28% of Europeans are concerned about the avail- ability of public charging stations.4 The EU has developed legislation to address these issues. The Alternative Fuels Infrastructure Regulations (AFIR) require fast chargers to be located every 60 kilo- metres along main transport corridors, an important step forward for the region.8 To meet AFIR’s 2030 goal of 1.3kW of charging capac- ity per BEV – and assuming its 40 million vehicle target is reached – European charging capacity would need to increase by 4,600%.9 Recycling of electric vehicle battery packs Norway: Incentivise change Incentives have played a significant role in successful EV adoption, but it is a model that has struggled to gain traction in some regions. Its effectiveness has been demonstrated time and again. Both financial and ‘quality of life’ incentives can be a primary driving force for change. This is most evident in the European and glob- al leader of EV adoption, Norway. Norway’s incentive programme has been around since the 1990s and has changed and evolved throughout that time. Purchase tax, import tax, VAT, annu- al road tax, and company car tax have all been removed or reduced at various stag- es to achieve the desired outcome. Norway has also offered grants for hous- ing associations and even gave people living in apartment buildings the ‘right to charge’ in 2017. EV drivers have also received discounts for road tolls, parking, and ferries, while also being allowed to drive in bus lanes.10 Raw materials and recycling The typical battery warranty for electric vehicles is around five to eight years. In practice, however, it is estimated that most will last between 10 and 20 years.11 As the European EV fleet grows and ages, effec- tive and efficient battery recycling will be a sustainability priority. It is not simply a matter of avoiding significant and hazard- ous waste, but also recovering the metals – namely lithium, cobalt, manganese, nickel, and copper – within each cell. These can be costly (both financially and in terms of emissions) to extract, transport and import. So, recycling is critical. The EU’s End-of-Life Vehicles proposal hopes to address battery recycling, along- side a host of other initiatives to make vehicle manufacturing more circular. It cites that the automotive industry is the EU’s number one consumer of aluminium, magnesium, platinum group metals, natu- ral rubber, and rare earth elements. The proposal covers the entire cycle, from design through to end-of-life treatment and recycling and could cut emissions by 12.8 million tons by 2035.12 It is estimated that locally recycled batteries could pro- vide the metals for more than two million EVs in 2030, up to ten million by 2035, and near circularity around 2040.13 Overcoming headwinds While significant progress has been made in the transition towards EVs, the road ahead is far from smooth. Potential economic, infrastructure, recycling, and consumer behaviour challenges continue to slow adoption despite ambitious European legislation. Fundamentally, there is a requirement for cheaper EVs with increased range, better adoption incentives, further investment in charging infrastructure and a more aggressive approach to circularity and end-of-life management. This will require a coordinat- ed effort from all stakeholders, including governments, vehicle manufacturers, automotive suppliers, the recycling indus- try, researchers and consumers. KEY FACTS Charging infrastructure has long been an issue for industry, legisla- tors, and motorists considering an EV. In Europe, significant progress has been made in recent years, with a 115% increase in capacity deliv- ered in 2024, which means there are now more than 900,000 public charge points in Europe. Yet, 28% of Europeans are still concerned about the availability of public charging stations.